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Malignant liver tumors have a high incidence and mortality rate. Therefore, it is of great significance to promptly learn about tumor advancement status through relevant examinations for patients' follow-up, diagnosis, and therapy as well as the improvement of the five-year survival rate. The primary lesions and intrahepatic metastases of malignant liver tumors have been better demonstrated in the clinical study with the use of various isotope-labeled fibroblast activating protein inhibitors because of their low uptake in liver tissues and high tumor/background ratio, which provides a new method for early diagnosis, precise staging, and radionuclide therapy. In light of this context, a review of the research progress of fibroblast-activating protein inhibitors for the diagnosis of liver malignant tumors is presented.
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Humans , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Liver NeoplasmsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the therapeutic effect of Epothilone D on traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) in rats.@*METHODS@#Forty-two SD rats were randomized to receive intraperitoneal injection of 1.0 mg/kg Epothilone D or DMSO (control) every 3 days until day 28, and rat models of TON were established on the second day after the first administration. On days 3, 7, and 28, examination of flash visual evoked potentials (FVEP), immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were performed to examine the visual pathway features, number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), GAP43 expression level in damaged axons, and changes of Tau and pTau-396/404 in the retina and optic nerve.@*RESULTS@#In Epothilone D treatment group, RGC loss rate was significantly decreased by 19.12% (P=0.032) on day 3 and by 22.67% (P=0.042) on day 28 as compared with the rats in the control group, but FVEP examination failed to show physiological improvement in the visual pathway on day 28 in terms of the relative latency of N2 wave (P=0.236) and relative amplitude attenuation of P2-N2 wave (P=0.441). The total Tau content in the retina of the treatment group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group on day 3 (P < 0.001), showing a consistent change with ptau-396/404 level. In the optic nerve axons, the total Tau level in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group on day 7 (P=0.002), but the changes of the total Tau and pTau-396/404 level did not show an obvious correlation. Epothilone D induced persistent expression of GAP43 in the damaged axons, detectable even on day 28 of the experiment.@*CONCLUSION@#Epothilone D treatment can protect against TON in rats by promoting the survival of injured RGCs, enhancing Tau content in the surviving RGCs, reducing Tau accumulation in injured axons, and stimulating sustained regeneration of axons.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Disease Models, Animal , Epothilones , Evoked Potentials, Visual , Nerve Regeneration/physiology , Optic Nerve Injuries/metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Retinal Ganglion Cells/physiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To establish a sensitive, simple and rapid detection method for African swine fever virus (ASFV) B646L gene.@*METHODS@#A recombinase-aided amplification-lateral flow dipstick (RAA-LFD) assay was developed in this study. Recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) is used to amplify template DNA, and lateral flow dipstick (LFD) is used to interpret the results after the amplification is completed. The lower limits of detection and specificity of the RAA assay were verified using recombinant plasmid and pathogenic nucleic acid. In addition, 30 clinical samples were tested to evaluate the performance of the RAA assay.@*RESULTS@#The RAA-LFD assay was completed within 15 min at 37 °C, including 10 min for nucleic acid amplification and 5 minutes for LFD reading results. The detection limit of this assay was found to be 200 copies per reaction. And there was no cross-reactivity with other swine viruses.@*CONCLUSION@#A highly sensitive, specific, and simple RAA-LFD method was developed for the rapid detection of the ASFV.
Subject(s)
Animals , African Swine Fever/virology , African Swine Fever Virus/isolation & purification , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , Recombinases/chemistry , Sensitivity and Specificity , Swine , Viral Proteins/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective To improve the quality control of Dilong Shenmai oral liquid. Methods TLC was used for the qualitative identification of Astragali Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus in Dilong Shenmai oral liquid. HPLC was used to determine the contents of schisandrin and ethylparaben in the preparation. Wondasil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used with acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min for gradient elution. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm, and column temperature was 30 ℃. Results TLC spots were clear and well-separated without negative interference. The linear ranges of schisandrin and ethylparaben were 5.81−58.06 μg/ml (r=0.999 9) and 25.29−252.94 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recoveries were 99.35% (RSD=1.02%) and 99.72% (RSD=0.76%). Conclusion This method is simple, quick and accurate. It can be used for effective quality control of Dilong Shenmai oral liquid.
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Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is a rare adverse cutaneous reaction with a low incidence and high mortality. Despite posing a serious threat to patients' health and lives, there is no high-quality evidence for a standard treatment regimen. Here we report the case of a 62-year-old man with stage IV pancreatic cancer who experienced immunotherapy-induced SJS/TEN. After consensus-based regular treatments at a local hospital, his symptoms became worse. Thus, he consented to receive Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) therapy. The affected parts of the patient were treated with the CHM Pi-Yan-Ning which was applied externally for 20 min twice a day. After 7 days of treatment, the dead skin began peeling away from the former lesions that had covered his hands, feet, and lips, indicating that skin had regenerated. After 12 days of treatment, the patient's skin was completely recovered. In this case, SJS/TEN was successfully treated with Pi-Yan-Ning, suggesting that there might be tremendous potential for the use of Pi-Yan-Ning in the treatment of severe skin reactions to drug treatments. Further basic investigations and clinical trials to explore the mechanism and efficacy are needed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Immunologic Factors , Incidence , Skin , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/etiologyABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the gait characteristics related to the horizontal obstacle crossing, to optimize obstacle crossing strategy to reduce the risk of falling. Methods:A total of 15 healthy young men were recruited in September, 2019, to complete horizontal obstacle crossing tasks (0 cm, 45 cm, 55 cm and 65 cm wide), with dominant and non-dominant limbs first on a specific experimental path. Gait parameters were collected with infrared camera and biomechanics force plate. Results:As the width of the obstacle increasing, the speed, stride length, step length and toe clearance of trailing limb (TCt) increased; while the heel-to-obstacle distance (HOD) and toe-to-obstacle distance (TOD) decreased. As the non-dominant limb crossing first, the speed of following step was slower, and the TCt, step width, step length and HOD increased. Conclusion:The risk of falling increases with the width of the obstacle during horizontal obstacle crossing. It is recommended to use non-dominant limbs leading crossing, and increase stride length, step length and TCt to reduce the risk of falling.
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@#Optic nerve injury is a common nervous system disease. Its basic pathological features are axonal degeneration and apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs), which causes numbers of symptoms including visual dysfunction. Axonal degeneration, including axonal selective degradation, Wallerian degeneration induced by axonal transection, and apoptosis-induced axonal degeneration(axonal apoptosis), is an important part of neurodevelopment, axonal remodeling, and injury response process. Axonal degeneration is one of the initial steps in many traumatic neurological disorders, and damaged axons are generally unable to regenerate, which leads to neuronal cell apoptosis. Neuronal apoptosis causing the degeneration of both cell bodies and axons commonly occurs during the development of brain, as a result of various neuronal damages. Studies in recent years have confirmed that calcium is the main regulator of axonal degeneration. When an optic nerve crush(ONC)occurs, the degree of acute axonal degeneration(AAD)can be reduced by using calcium channel inhibitors to prevent the influx of calcium ions into axons, which will also improve the survival rate of RGCs and accelerate the regeneration of axons.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In previous studies, we immunized mice with Ebola recombinant protein vaccine and gene vector vaccine. Both stimulated high levels of humoral immunity. In this work, we constructed a pseudovirus containing Ebola membrane proteins to verify whether the two immunization strategies can induce neutralizing antibodies in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A pseudovirus containing an Ebola virus membrane protein based on the HIV-1 viral gene sequence was constructed and evaluated using a known neutralizing antibody. The titer of the neutralizing antibody in the sera of mice immunized with the recombinant protein and the gene vector vaccine was examined using a neutralization test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ebola pseudovirus was successfully prepared and applied for neutralizing antibody detection. Immunological experiments showed that recombinant protein GP-Fc and gene vaccine pVR-modGP-Fc had good immunogenicity. The titer of the bound antibody in the serum after 8 weeks of immunization in mice was more than 1:105, and the recombinant protein induced greater humoral immunity. The results of the neutralization test based on the Ebola pseudovirus system demonstrated that both vaccines induced production of protective antibodies, while the gene vaccine induced a higher titer of neutralizing antibodies.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>An Ebola pseudovirus detection system was successfully established and used to evaluate two Ebola vaccines. Both produced good immunogenicity. The findings lay the foundation for the development of new Ebola vaccines and screening for neutralizing monoclonal antibodies.</p>
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Objective:To investigate the proteins association of IL-38 and TLR4 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its mechanism in RA pathogenesis.Methods:Forty-one rheumatoid arthritis patients(observation group) and forty-five patients with post-traumatic synovial membrane resection (control group) in our hospital from Jan 2013 to Feb 2016 were selected as study subjects.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs),synovial tissues and serum from patients with RA and controls were collected.The expression of IL-38 and TLR4 in PBMCs and synovial tissues were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (realtime-PCR).The protiens of IL-38 and TLR4 in synovial tissues and fluid from RA patients and controls were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or Western blot assay,respectively.RAW264.7 cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or IL-38.The production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6,IL-8 as well as TNF-α were detected by real-time-PCR and ELISA,respectively.The activation of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) signaling were determined by nuclear transfer reagent kit for NF-κB and Western blot.Results: Compared with control group,the expression of IL-38 in PBMCs,synovial tissue,serum and synovial fluid of patients with RA increased significantly,meanwhile,TLR4 was significantly increased in PBMCs and synovium of RA patients.Moreover,IL-38 was negatively associated with TLR4 in RA,suggested by Pearson′s correlation analysis.When RAW264.7 cells were stimulated by LPS with or without IL-38 in vitro,IL-38 could suppress LPS-mediated expression of TLR4 and the production of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells.IL-38 can inhibit the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway,so we hypothesized that IL-38 may inhibit the expression of inflammatory factor which induced by LPS/TLR4 signaling via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusion: IL-38 can attenuates rheumatoid arthritis through inhibiting LPS/TLR4 induced inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis,and the mechanism may be through inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Objective To explore the applied value of electroencephalogram (EEG) in assessment of psychiatric impairment among patients with mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury.Methods According to the ICD-10,a total of 271 subjects were enrolled and assessed with the criterion of mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury.Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL),Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) were used to evaluate the severity of patients.All the participants were tested by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and examined by EEG.Results Totally 215 patients accomplished the study.The results of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS),the severity of craniocerebral injury and the scores of FAQ,SDSS and ADL showed significant difference among the patients with different severity of EEG (P＜0.05).The grades of psychiatric impairment showed significant difference among the patients with different abnormal EEG (P＜0.05).Conclusion EEG can reflect the severity of craniocerebral injury,assist evaluate the social function and activity of daily living of patients with mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury,and distinguish the mild psychiatric impairment grades,which suggest that EEG has a certain reference value in the assessment of psychiatric impairment.
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To establish the integration of Alzheimer's disease(AD) and blood stasis syndrome tree shrew model. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) was used to intervene the model to testify the stability of the model. The level of blood stasis of each group in the tree shrew model was evaluated by analyzing five traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) characterizations, four blood coagulation indexes, plasma nitric oxide (NO) level, plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) level in each group. Hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes of brain hippocampal neuron cell of each group. Immunohistochemical staining was used to assay the ChAT and SYP levels in brain hippocampus of each group.The blood stasis characterization of the integration of disease and syndrome group was more obvious than the AD group, and that of the drug administration group was lower than that of the integration of disease and syndrome group. Aβ1-42, APP, P-Tau, ChAT and SYP level of AD group were lower than those in the blank group, which were further reduced in the model of integration of disease and syndrome. However, the administration of PNS relieved the reduction, indicating that the AD and blood stasis integration syndrome tree shrew model is stable.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dysregulation of histone deacetylase expression and enzymatic activity is associated with a number of diseases. It has been reported that protein levels of histone deacetylase (HDAC)1 and HDAC5 increase during human pulmonary hypertension, and that the enzymatic activity of HDAC6 is induced in a chronic hypertensive animal model. This study investigated the protein expression profiles of class I and II a/b HDACs in three systemic hypertension models. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We used three different hypertensive animal models: (i) Wistar-Kyoto rats (n=8) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; n=8), (ii) mice infused with saline or angiotensin II to induce hypertension, via osmotic mini-pump for 2 weeks, and (iii) mice that were allowed to drink L-N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to induce hypertension. RESULTS: SHR showed high systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures. Similar increases in systolic blood pressure were observed in angiotensin II or L-NAME-induced hypertensive mice. In SHR, class IIa HDAC (HDAC4, 5, and 7) and class IIb HDAC (HDAC6 and 10) protein expression were significantly increased. In addition, a HDAC3 protein expression was induced in SHR. However, in L-NAME mice, class IIa HDAC protein levels (HDAC4, 5, 7, and 9) were significantly reduced. HDAC8 protein levels were significantly reduced both in angiotensin II mice and in SHR. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that dysregulation of class I and class II HDAC protein is closely associated with chronic hypertension.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Rats , Angiotensin II , Blood Pressure , Histone Deacetylases , Histones , Hypertension , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Models, Animal , NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester , Rats, Inbred SHRABSTRACT
Objective To establish a sterility test of levofloxacin lactate and sodium chloride injection .Methods The test was carried out by thin-membrane filtration method with different volume of flushing liquid or adding neutralization into culture medium according to the Appendix of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition) .Results When 0 .1% peptone water was used as flushing liquid ,Staphylococcus aureus gave no evidence of growth until the amount of flushing liquid reached 700 ml per tube (100 ml each time) .At the same time ,all of the six positive control bacteria grew normally when there was 300 ml flushing liquid in each tube with neutralization as culture medium .Conclusion This method was simple and convenient ,suggesting that it was suitable for the sterility test of levofloxacin lactate and sodium chloride injection .
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Users' cognition and information retrieval are faced with great challenges in ubiquitous knowledge environ-ment. The influence of cognitive factors such as personality traits, cognitive style and ability, knowledge structure and ascribed methods on users' information retrieval behaviors was thus analyzed. It was pointed out that different cognitive factors could influence the retrieval, judgment and absorption of its results,users' satisfaction and continuous use in ubiquitous knowledge environment,with suggestions put forward from the aspects of information retrieval education, information service and information users for improving the users ' knowledge system in knowledge assimilating process by working out effective retrieval strategies using the advantages of cognition.
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Coronary artery fistula (CAF) with giant aneurysm and accompanied by coronary artery stenosis is a very rare disease. Herein, we report a case of a 76-year-old woman having a complex coronary-to-pulmonary artery fistula associated with a giant aneurysm and accompanied by coronary artery stenosis. The patient was successfully treated using transcatheter coil embolization and coronary stent implantation. Eight years later, we performed a follow-up coronary angiogram, which revealed the CAF and the aneurysm were completely occluded and previous stent patency.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Aneurysm , Arteries , Arteriovenous Fistula , Coronary Aneurysm , Coronary Stenosis , Coronary Vessels , Embolization, Therapeutic , Fistula , Follow-Up Studies , Rare Diseases , StentsABSTRACT
Gene therapy offers the promise of curing the HIV-infected patients. Specific, potent, and sustained short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated gene silencing is crucial for the successful application of RNA interference technology to therapeutic interventions. To reduce the probability of viral escape mutants, in this study, we constructed lentiviral vector containing vpr and tat shRNA, respectively, furthermore the bispecific lentiviral vector harboring vpr and tat shRNA expression cassettes from U6 promotor and H1 promotor was cotransfected with recombinant plasmid expressing the vpr and tat gene. The result showed that the bispecific lentiviral vector plvx-vpr-tatshRNA could inhibit the vpr and tat effectively,with ratios of 89.20% and 62.00% respectively. When cotransfected with pNL4-3 in 293T cell, plvx-vpr-tatshRNA showed higher efficacy in down regulating the HIV NL4-3 packaging production than the plvx-vprshRNA or plvx-tatshRNA individually. MT4 cell clones transduced with recombinant lentiviral vectors were screened and challenged with HIV NL4-3. P24 ELISA test showed that MT4 transduced with the combinational lentiviral vector could inhibit virus replication efficiently.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Line , Down-Regulation , Genetic Therapy , Genetic Vectors , Genetics , Metabolism , HIV Infections , Therapeutics , Virology , HIV-1 , Genetics , Metabolism , Lentivirus , Genetics , Metabolism , RNA Interference , RNA, Small Interfering , Genetics , Metabolism , Therapeutic Uses , tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus , Genetics , Metabolism , vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a nurse based post-marketing safety surveillance model for traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A TCMIs safety monitoring team and a research hospital team engaged in the research, monitoring processes, and quality control processes were established, in order to achieve comprehensive, timely, accurate and real-time access to research data, to eliminate errors in data collection.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A triage system involving a study nurse, as the first point of contact, clinicians and clinical pharmacists was set up in a TCM hospital. Following the specified workflow involving labeling of TCM injections and using improved monitoring forms it was found that there were no missing reports at the ratio of error was zero.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A research nurse as the first and main point of contact in post-marketing safety monitoring of TCM as part of a triage model, ensures that research data collected has the characteristics of authenticity, accuracy, timeliness, integrity, and eliminate errors during the process of data collection. Hospital based monitoring is a robust and operable process.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , China , Epidemiology , Drug Monitoring , Methods , Reference Standards , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Epidemiology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Health Personnel , Product Surveillance, Postmarketing , Methods , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the multi-function rapid allergic skin test instrument for application in drug allergy testing.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Three hundred patients were planned to be treated with cephalosporins Injection were divided randomly into 3 groups, the new allergic skin test instrument group, normal allergic skin test instrument group, and traditional skin test group, the true positive rate and false positive rate were calculated. Using multifunctional rapid allergy skin test was carried out on 210 cases of volunteers preliminary clinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine injections skin test.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were no significance difference between the new allergic skin test instrument group and control group in the true positive rate. As compared with the control group, a significance difference was found between the new allergic skin test instrument group and control group in false positive rate respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The multi-function rapid allergic skin test instrument is safe and easy to use, with a higher rate of accuracy and lower false positive rate.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Case-Control Studies , Cephalosporins , Drug Hypersensitivity , Diagnosis , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Skin Tests , MethodsABSTRACT
Acute myocardial infarction is a rare but potentially lethal complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. There are several proposed mechanisms for acute myocardial infarction in lupus patients: atherosclerosis and endothelial injury leading to plaque rupture, coronary vasculitis and inflammation of the vessel wall causing aneurismal dilatation or spasm, and acute thrombosis and embolism. We report a-37-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed myocardial infarction twice. Potential mechanisms for acute myocardial infarction for this patient are discussed in this report.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Atherosclerosis , Dilatation , Embolism and Thrombosis , Inflammation , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Myocardial Infarction , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , Rupture , Spasm , VasculitisABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To re-evaluate the effects of different "cocktail therapy" to prevent from phlebitis induced by Chansu injection.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Patients treated with Chansu injection were divided randomLy into 4 groups with 90 per group, control group, phentolaminum group, the magnesium sulfate group-phentolaminum group, and anisodamine-phentolaminum group. Patients in the control group only received the routine nursing treatment, and patients in the various experiment group received different interventions. The comparison was made in the morbidity and the starting time of occurrence of phlebitis, the severity of pain, duration of pain.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The morbidity of phlebitis was 8%, 8%, 6%, respectively. The starting time of phlebitis occurrence was (22 +/- 4), (27 +/- 5), (28 +/- 7) h, respectively. The NRS of pain was (4.75 +/- 1.51), (3.27 +/- 1.02), (2.71 +/- 1.63), respectively. The duration time of pain was (4.25 +/- 1.36), (2.51 +/- 1.05), (2.19 +/- 1.13) d respectively. In control group, the morbidity of phlebitis, the starting time of occurrence of phlebitis, the severity of pain, duration of pain was 30%, (16 +/- 4) h, (6.34 +/- 1.21), (5.47 +/- 1.07) d, respectively. As compared with the control group, a significance difference was found between every group in three test groups and control group respectively (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The morbidity and the starting time of occurrence of phlebitis, the severity of pain, duration of pain was significantly reduced respectively by two different "cocktail therapy".</p>